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In my teaching I try to show that the study of history is centered on a dynamic dialogue with the documents and artifacts the past has left us and with other historically-minded people as we search for the most fruitful approaches to understand past societies and eras. This search I believe prepares us better to face current social issues and problems.

• *“Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim,” in Stephen M. Norris and Willard Sunderland, eds., Russia’s People of Empire: Life Stories from Eurasia, 1500 to the Present (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2012), pp. 221-231.
• *“Music Associations and National Identity in Russia’s Baltic Provinces: The Case of Tallinn, 1850-1914,” in Jörg Hackmann, ed., Vereinskultur und Zivilgesellschaft in Nordosteuropa. Regionale Spezifik und europäische Zusammenhänge / Associational Culture and Civil Society in North Eastern Europe. Regional Features and the European Context (Cologne: Böhlau, 2012), pp. 307-327.
• *“Multiethnicity and Estonian Tsarist State Officials in Estland Province, 1881-1914,” in Donald K. Rowney and Eugene Huskey, eds., Russian Bureaucracy and the State: Officialdom from Alexander III to Putin (Basingstoke: Palgrave-Macmillan, 2009), pp. 72-88.
• *(lead author, co-written with Tõnu Tannberg), “‘Imperiaalne pööre’ paljurahvuselise Vene impeeriumi ajaloo uurimisel” [The “imperial turn” in the study of the history of the multiethnic Russian Empire] in Tõnu Tannberg and Bradley Woodworth, eds., Vene impeerium ja Baltikum: venestus, rahvuslus ja moderniseerimine 19. sajandi teisel poolel ja 20. sajandi alguses (Tartu: Eesti Ajalooarhiiv, 2009), pp. 5-15.
• “An Ambiguous Monument: Peter the Great’s Return to Tallinn in 1910,” in Rut Biuttner [Ruth Büttner] et al., eds., Problemy natsional’noi identifikatsii, kul’turnye i politicheskie sviazi Rossii so stranami Baltiiskogo regiona v XVIII-XX vekakh (Samara: Izdatel’stvo Parus, 2001), pp. 205-219.

• “Mitmetähenduslik mälestusmärk: Peeter Suure naasmine Tallinna 1910. aastal,” in Tuna: Ajalookultuuri ajakiri (Tallinn) 3/2010: 82-91. This Estonian-language article is a translation of a reworked version of my article “An Ambiguous Monument: Peter the Great’s Return to Tallinn in 1910,” in Biuttner, et al., listed above.
• “Paljurahvuselisus ja eestlastest riigiametnikud Eestimaa kubermangus aastatel 1870-1914” [Multiethnicity and Estonian state officials in Estland province, 1870-1914],” in Tõnu Tannberg, ed., Vene aeg Eestis. Uurimusi 16. sajandi keskpaigast kuni 20. sajandi alguseni [The Russian era in Estonia. Studies on the mid-16th century to the early 20th century]. Acta et Commentationes Archivi Historici Estoniae 14 (21). (Tartu: Eesti Ajalooarhiiv, 2006), pp. 345-360.
• “Patterns of Civil Society in the Modernizing Multiethnic City: A German Town in the Russian Empire Becomes Estonian,” Ab Imperio: Theory and History of Nationalities and Nationalism in the Post-Soviet Space 2 (2006): 135-161.
• “Administrative Reform and Social Policy in the Baltic Cities of the Russian Empire: Riga and Reval, 1870-1914,” Jahrbuch für europäische Verwaltungsgeschichte 16 (2004), pp. 111-150.

Other Articles

• “KGB Surveillance in the Soviet Baltic Republics,” Association for the Advancement of Baltic Studies Newsletter, Summer 2020: 22-24.
• “Scholars of the Baltic Region, Scandinavia gather at Yale University,” Association for the Advancement of Baltic Studies Newsletter, Summer 2014: 4, 7.
• “Reflections on Post-Baltic Identities. A Symposium “Do the Baltic States Exist? Re-evaluations of Europe and the Post-Cold War World” (coauthored with Mara Lazda), Association for the Advancement of Baltic Studies Newsletter, Spring 2013: 1, 4-5, 8.
• "Incorporating the Baltic Region in Upper-Division History Survey Courses,” Association for the Advancement of Baltic Studies Newsletter. January 2012, p. 16.
• “Kuidas kirjutada Tallinna ajalugu? Muusikaelu ja kodanikuühiskonna areng tsaariaegses palju-rahvuselises linnas” [How to write the history of Tallinn? Musical life and the development of civil society in a tsarist-era multiethnic city], Vikerkaar [Tallinn], Nr. 7/8, 2009: 99-116.
• “Finland and the Baltic Provinces,” in John Merriman and Jay Winter, eds., Europe—1789 to 1914—Encyclopedia of Industry and Empire. Vol. 2 (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 2006), pp. 817-824.
• “Estonia,” and “Latvia,” in John Merriman and Jay Winter, eds., Europe Since 1914—Encyclopedia of the Age of War and Reconstruction. Vols. 2 and 3 (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 2006), pp. 980-984 and 1617-1622.
• “Recent Books on Baltic History in English,” in Rossiia i Baltiia: Chelovek v istorii (Moscow: Nauka, 2006), pp. 246-258.
• “Was the Nobility a Dominant Force in Russian Society at the End of the Nineteenth Century?”, “Were Social-Class Divisions in Late Imperial Russia Insurmountable?” and “Were Sergei Witte’s Policies Favoring Industrialization and Development Successful?” in Paul du Quenoy, ed., History in Dispute, Volume 21: Revolutionary Russia, 1890-1930 (Farmington Hills, MI: St. James Press, 2005), pp. 6-7, 177-180, and 209-211.
• “Janis Cakste,” The Supplement to the Modern Encyclopedia of Russian, Soviet, and Eurasian History, vol. 5 (Gulf Breeze, Fla.: Academic International Press, 2004), pp. 83-84.
• “A. N. Bellegarde,” The Supplement to the Modern Encyclopedia of Russian, Soviet, and Eurasian History, vol. 4 (Gulf Breeze, Fla.: Academic International Press, 2003), pp. 106-107.
• “Homeland and History: The Teaching of History in Estonia’s Russian-Language Schools,” ISRE Newsletter of East European, Eurasian and Russian Education 7:2 (spring, 1999): 2, 34-38.
• “Arbujad,” “Karl Ast,” “Johannes Aavik,” “Artur Alliksaar,” in The Supplement to the Modern Encyclopedia of Russian, Soviet, and Eurasian History vols. 1 and 2 (1995, 1997).

Book Reviews

• Tõnu Tannberg, ed., Behind the Iron Curtain: Soviet Estonia in the Era of the Cold War (Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 2015), in Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung 67:3 (2018): 459-461.
• Alexey Golubev and Irina Takala, The Search for a Socialist El Dorado: Finnish Immigration to Soviet Karelia from the United States and Canada in the 1930s (East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 2014), in Slavic Review 75:1 (2016): 166-168.
• Tarmo Vakhter [Vahter], Estoniia: Zharkoe leto 91-go. Avgustovskii putch i vozrozhdenie nezavisimosti [Estonia: The hot summer of ’91. The August putsch and the rebirth of independence]. (Tallinn: Hea Lugu, 2012), in Russian Review 74:3 (2015): 537-538.
• Steven Seegel, Mapping Europe’s Borderlands: Russian Cartography in the Age of Empire (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012), in Canadian-American Slavic Studies 49 (2015): 491-493.
• Michael North, Geschichte der Ostsee (Munich: C. H. Beck, 2011), in Journal of Baltic Studies 44:3 (2013): 416-419.
• Lea Leppik, Kalefaktoripojast professoriks. Tartu ülikooli teenistujate sotsiaalne mobiilsus 1802-1918 [Janitor’s son into professor. The social mobility of employees of the University of Tartu [Dorpat], 1802-1918] (Tartu: Kleio / Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo museum, 2011), in Forschungen zur baltischen Geschichte 8 (2013): 299-304.
• Max Engman, Pitkät jäähyväiset: Suomi Ruotsin ja Venäjän välissä vuoden 1809 jälkeen (Helsinki: WSOY, 2009), in Journal of Baltic Studies 42:4 (2011): 557-560.
• Darius Staliūnas, Making Russians: Meaning and Practice of Russification in Lithuania and Belarus after 1863 (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2007), in Forschungen zur baltischen Geschichte 6 (2011): 310-313.
• Carsten Goehrke and Jürgen von Ungern-Sternberg, Die baltischen Staaten im Schnittpunkt der Entwicklungen: Vergangenheit und Gegenwart (Basel: Schwabe & Co., 2002), in Nordost-Archiv XIX (Neue Folge) (2011): 252-258.
• B. Pietrov-Ennker, and G. N. Ul’ianova, eds., Grazhdanskaia identichnost’ i sfera grazhdanskoi deiatel’nosti v Rossiiskoi imperii: Vtoraia polovina XIX – nachalo XX veka (Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2007), in Russian Review 70:1 (2011): 153-155
• I. I. Shangina, et al., eds., Mnogonatsional’nyi Peterburg. Istoriia, Religii, Narody (St. Petersburg: Iskusstvo-SPB, 2002); Max Engman, Pietarinsuomalaiset (Helsinki: Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, 2004); Raimo Pullat, Lootuste linn. Peterburi ja eesti haritlaskonna kujunemine kuni 1917 (Tallinn: Estopol, 2004). Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 9:4 (2008): 963-976.
• Ekaterina Pravilova, Finantsy imperii. Den’gi i vlast’ v politike Rossii na natsional’nykh okrainakh, 1801-1917 (Moscow: Novoe izdatel’stvo, 2006), in Russian Review 66:4 (2007): 713.
• Kate Brown, A Biography of No Place: From Ethnic Borderland to Soviet Heartland (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2004), in Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung 55:1 (2006): 155-156.
• Alvydas Nikžentaitis, Stefan Schreiner and Darius Staliūnas, eds. The Vanished World of Lithuanian Jews (Editions Rodopi, B. V.: Amsterdam and New York, 2004) and Jean-Jacques Subrenat, ed. Estonia: Identity and Independence (Editions Rodopi, B. V.: Amsterdam and New York, 2004), in Nordost-Archiv XIV (Neue Folge) (2005): 426-430.
• E. P. Fedosova, Rossiia i Pribaltika: kul’turnyi dialog. Vtoraia polovina XIX-nachalo XX veka (Moscow: Institut Rossiiskoi Istorii RAN, 1999), in Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 5:4 (Fall 2004): 791-96.
• Michael Walzer, Sallivusest (On Toleration, Yale UP, 1997 in Estonian translation). Vikerkaar (Tallinn), vol. 9, 1998: 109-112.

Translations

(from Estonian)

• Ea Jansen, Eestlane muutuvas ajas: seisusühiskonnast kodanikeühiskonda [Estonians in changing times: from estate society to civil society] (Tartu, Estonia: Eesti Ajalooarhiiv, 2007), “Summary,” pp. 463-506

(from Russian)

• Boris Mironov, A Social History of Imperial Russia, 1700-1917, “Preface and Acknowlegements,” Vol. I, pp. xvii-xxxiii; “The Law: Courts, Crimes, and Punishments,” Vol. II, pp. 223-365 (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 2000).

Conference Papers and Presentations

• “The Mayors of Tallinn, 1877-1917: Estate and Nationality in Local and Imperial Politics,” presented at the Association for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies (ASEEES) yearly conference, San Francisco, November 24, 2019.
• “Civic and Cross-National Influences in Estonia’s Song Festivals,” presented at the Conference on Baltic Studies in Europe, Gdansk, Poland, June 27, 2019.
• “The Development of Civil Society in the Tsarist-Era Multiethnic Baltic Region: The Case of Tallinn,” presented at the Second Riga Readings in Social Sciences, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia, November 22, 2018.
• “Tallinn City Government during World War I,” presented at the Ninth International Conference on Baltic and Nordic Studies in Romania, Valahia University of Targoviste, Targoviste, Romania, November 15, 2018.
• Presentation on roundtable, “Looking Back at the Singing Revolution of 1988-1991,” Yale conference on Baltic and Scandinavian Study, Yale University, March 14, 2014.
• Presentation on roundtable “The Baltic Revolution (1988-1991) Revisited,” the Association for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies (ASEEES) yearly conference, Boston, November 24, 2013.
• “Estonia’s Push for Independence: A Historian Reflects on His Work as a Journalist, 1990-1991,” presented at the Baltic Studies in Europe conference, Tallinn, Estonia, June 19, 2013.
• “Narrating the Baltic Past – New Subjects, New Histories,” presented at symposium held at Yale University, “Do the Baltic States Exist? Re-evaluations of Europe and the Post-Cold War World,” April 17, 2013.
• “Tallinn‘s Russian Community, 1860-1914: Social Diversity and the Imperatives of Nationalism,” presented at the Association for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies (ASEEES, formerly AAASS) yearly conference, New Orleans, November 16, 2012.
• “Civil Society and Nationality in the Baltic Provinces of the Russian Empire, 1850-1914: The Case of Tallinn,” presented at the bi-annual conference of the Finno-Ugric Studies Association of Canada (FUSAC), University of Waterloo, May 26, 2012.
• “Tsarist Officers from the Baltic Provinces and Finland, 1850-1917,” presented at the workshop Imperial Biographien: Elitekarrieren im Habsburger, Russischen und Osmanischen Vielvölkerrich (1850-1918), Technische Universität Berlin, May 5, 2012.
• “Gustaf Mannerheim’s Several Lives; Tsarist Russian, Finnish, and Eurasian,” Ninth Conference of Baltic Studies in Europe, Stockholm, Sweden, June 13, 2011.
• “Gustaf Mannerheim and Eurasian History,” Association for the Study of Nationalities (ASN) yearly conference, New York City, April 16, 2011.
• “The Literary Possibilities of a Multicultural Identity: the Works of Estonian Writers Andrei Hvostov and Igor Kotjuh,” VIII World Congress of the International Council for Central and East European Studies, Stockholm, Sweden, July 29, 2010.
• “The Literary Possibilities of a Multicultural Historical Memory: the work of Estonian writer Andrei Hvostov,” Eighth Conference of Baltic Studies in Europe, Kaunas, Lithuania, June 13, 2009.
• “Recent Trends in the Historiography of the Multinational Russian Empire,” Tallinn University’s Institute of History, January 22, 2009.
• “Education in a Multiethnic City of the Russian Empire: Tallinn’s Schools, 1870-1914,” American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies yearly conference, New Orleans, November 18, 2007.
• “Petersburg’s Non-Russians: Baltic peoples in the Multiethnic Imperial Capital,” Seventh Conference of Baltic Studies in Europe, Lüneburg, Germany, June 9, 2007.
• “Multiethnicity and Tsarist State Officials in the Baltic Provinces, 1880-1914,” Workshop on Russian Tsarist Officialdom, National Institute for Sociological Research (INES), Paris, France, March 9, 2007.
• “Those Who Wore the Cap of the Bureaucrat: Multiethnicity and Estonian Tsarist State Officials in Estland Province, 1870-1914,” VII World Congress of the International Council for Central and East European Studies, Berlin, Germany, July 28, 2005.